/17th December 2019, RENEWABLE MARKET WATCHTM/ The Republic of Kazakhstan lies in the Eurasian continent's centre equally distant from the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. With its territory of 2,724,900 km² it is the ninth largest country in the world. In the west and the north, it shares borders with the Russian Federation, in the east with China, and in the south with the countries of Central Asia – Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. The national border's overall length is 12,200 km, with 600 km of them passing through the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan has a population of 18.55 million as of 1 June 2019. There are nearly 160 oil and gas deposits in Kazakhstan, including Tengiz - one of the world’s biggest oil and gas deposits (20 trillion barrels of oil and 700 million tons of gas condensate). Kazakhstan has 160 million tons of coal reserves in 155 deposits. The country's iron ore resources (containing 50-60% of pure iron) are some of the world's best. In the last twenty years, Kazakhstan made considerable progress in implementing complex political, economic and social reforms to establish a politically stable market economy. Kazakhstan had undergone reforms in currency convertibility, inflation targeting, foreign investment policy, privatization of state enterprises, economic decentralization, de-monopolization and reallocation of resources.